Mehr Links (was: Re: [ox] [Fwd: [komm-une] Copyleft])
- From: Stefan Merten <smerten dialup.nacamar.de>
- Date: Fri, 13 Oct 2000 15:57:53 +0200
Hi Liste!
Since all the links are in English, I `Cc:' it to the English list.
2 days ago Stefan Meretz wrote:
Im unten genannten Artikel findet ihr einige Links zu "Freier
Musik".
Diesmal habe ich ein bißchen weitergeklickt. Es sind aber auch immer
Unmengen von Zeug, durch die mensch sich da wühlen kann...
Im Manifest `The Free Music Philosophy' unter
http://www.ram.org/ramblings/philosophy/fmp.html
finden sich Gedanken zur Begründung Freier Musik. Es ähnelt dem Gnu
Manifest. Ebenfalls dort findet sich
http://www.ram.org/ramblings/philosophy/fmp/fma.html
eine Liste von Sites mit Freier Musik.
Spannend - auch im Zusammenhang mit der Veranstaltung nächstes
Wochenende in Berlin, auf die Hartmut aufmerksam gemacht hatte -
dürfte der Text unter
http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/motivation.html
sein. "Studies Find Reward Often No Motivator -- Creativity and
intrinsic interest diminish if task is done for gain"
Einige Kernsätze:
...
A related series of studies shows that intrinsic interest in a task
- the sense that something is worth doing for its own sake -
typically declines when someone is rewarded for doing it.
If a reward - money, awards, praise, or winning a contest - comes to
be seen as the reason one is engaging in an activity, that activity
will be viewed as less enjoyable in its own right.
...
Rewards, Amabile says, have this destructive effect primarily with
creative tasks, including higher-level problem-solving. ``The more
complex the activity, the more it's hurt by extrinsic reward,'' she
said.
Aber auch:
But Kenneth McGraw, associate professor of psychology at the
University of Mississippi, cautions that this does not mean
behaviorism itself has been invalidated. ``The basic principles of
reinforcement and rewards certainly work, but in a restricted
context'' - restricted, that is, to tasks that are not especially
interesting.
Deswegen klappt das mit Fließbandarbeit dann doch irgendwie.
Und der Schlußsatz:
A different but related set of problems exists in the case of
creativity. Artists must make a living, of course, but Amabile
emphasizes that ``the negative impact on creativity of working for
rewards can be minimized'' by playing down the significance of these
rewards and trying not to use them in a controlling way. Creative
work, the research suggests, cannot be forced, but only allowed to
happen.
Zum Autor:
Alfie Kohn, a Cambridge, MA writer, is the author of ``No Contest:
The Case Against Competition,'' recently published by Houghton
Mifflin Co., Boston, MA. ISBN 0-395-39387-6.
Eigentlich weiß ich das intuitiv schon lange. Schön, daß es dazu auch
Untersuchungen gibt :-) .
Mit li(e)bertären Grüßen
Stefan
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